The Comparison of Students Achievement by the College Entrance Lane at the Teachers Training and Education Faculty of Syiah Kuala University

Received Oct 9, 2017 Revised Jul 24, 2018 Accepted Aug 7, 2018 The study aims to determine differences in the achievement of students who pass the National Selection of State Universities (SNMPTN), the Selection of Joint Entrance State University (SBMPTN), and the Joint Entrance examination (UMB) at the Faculty of Teachers Training and Education (FKIP) at the University of Syiah Kuala. The study used descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were all FKIP Unsyiah students entering university in 2013 that passed the SNMPTN, SBMPTN, and UMB. The population pool was as many as 1,038 students, with 289 students selected for the sample using the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling technique. The One Way Anova Test was used for data analysis followed by a Least Significance Difference (LSD) test. Hypothesis in this research is there are differences in the achievement of FKIP Unsyiah students passed through SNMPTN, SBMPTN, and UMB. The results showed that the achievement of FKIP Unsyiah students who passed through the SBMPTN had average GPAs of 3.46, 3.32 for the SNMPTN and 3.36 for the UMB. Based on the results, it can be concluded that students who pass the SBMPTN had greater achievement than student who pass the SNMPTN and UMB.


INTRODUCTION
Learning achievement is the result or evidence that has been achieved by learners after through the process of teaching and learning with various factors that influence it [1].Learning achievement vary at each level of education.In primary and secondary education, learning achievement can be seen from report card.In higher education, it is expressed through Grade Point Average (GPA).The teaching and learning process in primary education, secondary education and higher education is different.Higher education is the level of education that must be pursued in the world of education to achieve the great achievement and is expected to send quality graduates into the workforce.Being a student is the dream of many, but not every one of them can be a student.It can take a great deal to become a student, including a college entrance selection test.
Every university opens admissions each year and prospective students are screened with various tests in order to filter those who are competent and qualified.Therefore, prospective students are required to compete with each other in seizing a spot in a State University (PTN).
The admission of new students in state universities is divided into the admission of new students nationally and the admission of new students independently.The selection of new admits through the SNMPTN is driven by an assessment process through three indexes: a student index, school index, and region index.The student index is assessed via three indicators: the value of the report cards, the completeness of the report cards value, and achievement of the Minimum Exhaustiveness Criteria (KKM), the National Exam (UN), and other achievements like olimpiade.
In contrast, the SBMPTN is a selection method via written test conducted simultaneously in all state universities in Indonesia.The difficulty level of questions tested in the SBMPTN is greater than that of the National Examination (UN).In addition is not only prospective students who just graduated from Senior High School (SMA) who can follow SBMPTN selection.Prospective students who passed the exam can follow this selection with a maximum of 3 years after graduating SMA.Furthermore, universities are allowed to accept new students through independent paths arranged by their respective universities [2].
Selection through the Mandiri Entrance consists of the TPA (Academic Potential Test), a skill test, and an interview.Selection through the UMB line at the University of Syiah Kuala in 2013 is organized by the Selection Association of New Student Admissions Nusantara (PSPMBN).The PSPMBN consists of three groups: Saintek, Soshum, and Mixed.Participants of the Saintek group must follow the Basic capabilities (TKDU), which consists of Mathematics, Bahasa Indonesia, and English and science reasoning tests consisting of Science Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology.The Soshum Group must take the TKDU and a Social Science reasoning test consisting of Economics, History, and Geography.While the mixed group must take the TKDU, the saintek exams and the soshum exams.Some people are in the saintek group because they choose majoring in science at university, so they must through the test of saintek group.So other.
The University of Syiah Kuala (Unsyiah) is one of the universities that produces the best graduates in Aceh.Furthermore, students in various faculties in Unsyiah boast various awards inside and outside the campus.Currently, there are more than 30,000 students studying across 12 faculties and post-graduate programs at Unsyiah.One of those faculties is the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FKIP).
Prospective FKIP students pass through various channels, namely the SNMPTN, the SBMPTN, and UMB.The three groups of admitted students get the same teaching and learning facilities as well as the same process and assessment.Success of the three groups of students can be assessed through the Grade Point Achievement (GPA) at the end of each semester.The achievement of a student is influenced by many factors, economic status does not determine students' achievements, nor do their scores on the entrance exams.Similarly, the achievement of students in university who pass through SNMPTN is not always higher than the achievement of students who pass through the SBMPTN and UMB.At university, some people think if students achievement who pass through SNMPTN is higher than another.It is because SNMPTN is one of the admission which filter the student who smartest in their school.
Previous research in the Journal of Science and Physics Education (JSPF) concluded that the level of achievement of students who pass through the SBMPTN is higher than the level of achievement of students who pass through the SNMPTN and selection of Independent path [2].This study examines all courses at FKIP Syiah Kuala University which consists of 16 Programs of Study, while research conducted by Usman only at the Department of Physics FMIPA Universitas Negeri Makassar.But Usman's research also sees the achievement of students who pass through SNMPTN, SBMPTN, and Mandiri based on categorization or determination of academic achievement criteria with reference according to academic regulation of UNM that is not pass, satisfy, very satisfy, and commendable.The results of Wiramiharja's research concluded that students who were accepted through the national selection of new admissions tend to have high achievement in university [3].Students who are accepted with the SNMPTN have higher learning achievements than students who through the mandiri line [3].The SNMPTN path referred to in the study was the same as the SBMPTN pathway in this study before it changed its name.Intelligence is one of the factors  ISSN: 2089-9823 EduLearn Vol. 12, No. 3, August 2018 : 548 -552 550 that greatly affect learning achievement [4].Student achievement is influenced by the intellectual intelligence measured from the entrance point of admission.
Looking at the above explanation, hypothesis in this research is there are differences in the achievement of FKIP Unsyiah students in 2013 generation that passed through SNMPTN, SBMPTN, and UMB.It is important to know the student's achievement is different based on higher education entrance.This is because it can be consider to decission how much capacity for the National Selection of State University Entrance (SNMPTN) Joint Selection of State Universities (SBMPTN), and Mandiri Entrance (UMB).

RESEARCH METHOD
The methods used by the author in this research are descriptive with a quantitative approach.The population in this study were all students admitted to the Faculty of Training and Education of Syiah Kuala University (FKIP) in 2013 who entered via SNMPTN, SBMPTN, or UMB, this is because in addition to the number of credits which has been achieved by the FKIP Unsyiah students in line 2013 more than the line of 2014, 2015 and 2016.So it will be a portrait of the actual GPA.Most of the students from line 2012 already graduated.So, researchers chose the students line 2013 from Faculty of Training and Education of Syiah Kuala University who entered through SNMPTN, SBMPTN, and UMB as the population in this study.The sample size equaled 289 respondents determined by a slovin formula approach on 0.05 error level (5%).The sampling technique used was proportionate stratified random sampling.Data collection techniques used in this study was documentation of FKIP Unsyiah line 2013 students' GPA on the second semester of the school year 2015/2016 obtained from Puksi Unsyiah (ICT Center Unsyiah).This is because the second semester of the school year 2015/2016 is new portrait of the actual GPA.
The data were analyzed quantitatively using the One Way Anova test (ANOVA) to see whether there were any differences in the achievement of students who passed through the SNMPTN, SBMPTN, and UMB.To test a hypothesis using ANOVA, a number of assumptions must be met.Those assumptions include normality and the similarity of variance (homogeneity) [6].So Anova test can be used if the basic assumptions in the ANOVA are met.Hypothesis accepted if F count ≥ F table [7].

RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
Before testing the hypotheses using the One Way Anova Test, the data was tested for normality and homogeneity.This study used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.The test results revealed a significance of the acquisition value of 0.2, meaning that the tested data exhibited normal distribution.Data was tested for homogeneity use Levene test, the results that show significant acquisition value greater than 0.05, it can be concluded that the data tested had the same variant.In other words, the data were homogeneous.Those results suggest that the One Way Anova was appropriate.

One Way Anova
One Way Anova test was used to test the hypotheses regarding the comparison of student achievement based on the college entrance lane at FKIP Unsyiah in 2013.Results from the test can be seen in Table 1, which shows that respondents who passed through SNMPTN have average GPAs of 3.3163, 3.4636 in the SBMPTN lanes, and 3.3309 in the UMB lane.The results show that the highest achievement is from the students who pass through SBMPTN, then UMB, and lastly SNMPTN.

Post Hoc Test
Due to the significance of the results of the ANOVA test, the next test was to examine differences in student achievement based on entrance lane in greater detail with a Least Significant Differences (LSD) [8].The counting can be seen in the following Table 3.Based on the Table 3, several results were drawn: (1) there are significant differences between the achievements of students who entered through the SNMPTN and SBMPTN with a significance of 0.000≤0.05.(2) There is no significant difference between the achievement of students who entered through the SNMPTN and UMB with significance of 0.735≥0.05.(3) There are significant differences between the achievements of students who pass through UMB and SBMPTN with the sig.0.004≤0.05.The achievement of students who pass through SBMPTN was found to be higher than the achievement of the students who pass through SNMPTN.This happens because students who pass through SNMPTN is the best student in their school of origin, they are chosen based on several assessment processes including their report cards.At the teaching and learning process in college, the best students in the local school who pass through the SNMPTN course may not compete with ordinary students in other schools that pass through the SBMPTN and UMB channels, because each school has different standards.In addition, the selection of new admits through the SBMPTN and UMB channels pay more attention to the level of intelligence.Through written and skills tests, student who pass through SBMPTN and UMB required to compete with other prospective students for seats in the State University.So on the SBMPTN and UMB they more pay attention to the level of intelligence.Therefore, the achievement of students who pass through the SBMPTN and UMB lines is higher than the achievement of students who pass through SNMPTN.This is in accordance with what is said that one of the factors that affects achievement is intelligence [4].

CONCLUSION
The research concludes that there is indeed a difference in the student achievement in FKIP Syiah Kuala University based on entrance through the national selection of state universities (SNMPTN), the selection of joint entrance state university (SBMPTN), and the Entrance examination together (UMB).The students who entered through the SBMPTN have higher achievement than the SNMPTN and UMB.
The admission of new students nationally is the of university in Indonesia.The admission of new students independently is admission for university in Indonesia who make deal with SPMB Nusantara association.Since 2013, the acceptance of new undergraduate students nationally involves the National Selection of State University Entrance (SNMPTN) conducted by each State University.Based on academic achievement, with the allocation of new students at least 50% in each study program, and Joint Selection of State Universities (SBMPTN) conducted by PTN together with the selection determined based on the results of written examination and skill examination with the capacity of new students at least 30% (thirty Percent) in each course, while the admission of new students independently may encompass a maximum of 20% of new students in each course subject to further stipulations arranged by each state university.These guidelines fall under the Regulation of the Minister of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia No. 2 of 2015 on the Acceptance of New Students of Undergraduate Programs at State Universities.The SNMPTN and SBMPTN are national college entrance tracks, so enthuse of student candidate to follow this selection are many.
The Comparison of Students Achievement by the College Entrance Lane at the Teachers... (Amiruddin)549 admission for all

Table 2 ,
we can conclude that there is any difference in student achievement via entrance through the SNMPTN, SBMPTN, and UMB can be seen which shows the acquisition value F count 13.203, while the F table at a significant level α=5%, DF1=2, and DF2=286 is 3.027.Because F count > F table, the hypothesis in this research is accepted.So, the authors could conclude that there are significant differences inThe Comparison of Students Achievement by the College Entrance Lane at the Teachers... (Amiruddin) 551 student achievement based on the three entrance lanes of SNMPTN, SBMPTN, and UMB in the sample group at FKIP Unsyiah.

Table 2 .
One Way Anova

Table 3 .
Post Hoc Test *.The mean difference is significant at the .05level