The Role of Perceived Organizational Support, Organizational Culture, and Servant Leadership in The Contextual Performance of The Startup Employees

Aulia Aulia, Ciptasari Prabawanti, Zaenal Wafa

Abstract


A functional performance assessment is crucial for planning an employee's career development working in the company. Nevertheless, related to the performance, so far, conceptually, it is divided into two, e.g., task and contextual performance. Subsequently, directly or indirectly, contextual performance influences individual task performance. Therefore, the study related to particular contextual performance becomes an essential matter to discuss. This study related to contextual performance is relatively scarce; moreover, it does not even find primarily in startup companies. The research objective is to observe the role of perceived organizational support, organizational culture, and servant leadership on contextual performance. The method in this study is quantitative correlation research. The participants in this research are startup employees who are actively working. The instrument for collecting data is a psychological scale consisting of a contextual performance scale, perceived organizational support scale, organizational culture scale, and servant leadership scale. The data analysis technique employs multiple regression analysis. The research result indicates that the coefficient values are R=0.589, F=4.615, and p=0.01 (p<0,05). Based on the data analysis result, simultaneously, perceived organizational support, organizational culture, and servant leadership is indeed contributed to contextual performance.

Keywords: Organizational culture, Contextual performance, Perceived organizational support, servant leadership, Startup


Full Text:

PDF

References


Barbuto, J. E., and Wheeler, D. W. (2002). Becoming a servant leader: Do you have what it takes? NebGuide G02-1481-A. Lincoln: University of Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperative Extension

Bayram, P., & Zoubi, K. (2020). The effect of servant leadership on employees’ self-reported performance: Does public service motivation play a mediating explanatory role? Management Science Letters, 10(8), 1771-1776.

Brief, A. P., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1986). Prosocial organizational behaviors. Academy of management Review, 11(4), 710-725.

Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1993). Expanding the criterion domain to include elements of contextual performance. Personel Selection in Organizations, 71–98.

Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1997). Task Performance and contextual performance: The Meaning for personnel Selection Research . Human Performance ,10: 2, 99-10.

Borman, W. C., Buck, D. E., Hanson, M. A., Motowidlo, S. J., Stark, S., & Drasgow, F. (2001). An examination of the comparative reliability, validity, and accuracy of performance ratings made using computerized adaptive rating scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(5), 965.

Borman, W. C., Penner, L. A., Allen, T. D., & Motowidlo, S. J. (2001). Personality Predictors of Citizenship Performance. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9(1–2), 52–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2389.00163

Chiang, C.-F., & Hsieh, T.-S. (2012). The impacts of perceived organizational support and psychological empowerment on job performance: The mediating effects of organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(1), 180-190.

Cooper,C.L. and Robertson, I.T.2002.The Influence of Values in Organizations : Linking Value and Outcomes at Multiple Levels of Analysis : Maierhofer, Kabanoff & Griffin. International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.Vol.17, 217-263.

Dierendonck, D.V., & Patterson, K. (2010). Servant Leadership Developments in Theory and Research. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Goodman, S. A., & Svyantek, D. J. (1999). Person-organization fit and contextual performance: Do shared values matter. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 55(2), 254–275.

Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied psychology, 71(3), 500.

George, J. M., & Brief, A. P. (1992). Feeling good-doing good: a conceptual analysis of the mood at work-organizational spontaneity relationship. Psychological bulletin, 112 (2), 310.

George, J. M., & Jones, G. R. (2012). Understanding and managing organizational behavior. Pearson Education. Inc, New Jersey.

Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1978). The social psychology of organizations (Vol. 2, p. 528). New York: Wiley.

Klein, H.J & Kim, J.S. (1998). A field study of the influence of situasional constraints, leader-member exchange, and goal commitment on performance. Academy of Management Journal, 41, 88-95

Laub, J. (2005). From paternalism to the servant organization: Expanding the organizational leadership assessment (OLA) model. The International Journal of Servant-Leadership, Vol 1, No 1, 155-178.

Malik A. J. (2017). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Paternalistik pada Kinerja Tugas dan Kinerja Kontekstual Karyawan: Peran Pemediasi Rasa Percaya pada Pemimpin (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Gadjah Mada).

Mahayani, V. S. (2014). Pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kinerja kontekstual melalui pemberdayaan karyawan dan motivasi berprestasi di Siloam Hospitals Surabaya (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Pelita Harapan Surabaya-Department of Business School-Master of Management).

Motowidlo, S. J., & Van Scotter, J. R. (1994). Evidence that task performance should be distinguished from contextual performance. Journal of Applied psychology, 79(4), 475.

Nugraha, N. (2007). Studi eksplanatoris hubungan servant-leadership wirausahawan dengan kinerja karyawan (Multiple case study pada perusahaan skala kecil dan menengah di 3 sentra UKM di Jawa Timur). Skripsi. Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Airlangga.

Nofrianda, R., Sari, E. Y. D., & Widiana, H. S. (2020). Kinerja Kontekstual dan Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi. Psycho Idea, 18(1), 45-52.

Oemar, Y. (2013). Pengaruh budaya organisasi, kemampuan kerja, dan komitmen organisasi terhadap organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 11 (1),65 76.

Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington Books/DC Heath and Com.

Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support : A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology. 87(4), 698–714. https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.87.4.698

Robbins, S., & Judge, T. (2015). Organizational behavior. England: Pearson Education Limited.

Sinintya, W. (2019). Evaluasi Kinerja, Startup Decacorn Ini PHK 300 Karyawan. https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/tech/20190304194807-37-58845/evaluasi-kinerja-startup-decacorn-ini-phk-300-karyawaan. (Diakses 13 Maret 2021).

Spears, L. C. (2010). Character and servant leadership: Ten characteristics of effective, caring leaders. The journal of virtues & leadership, 1(1), 25-30.

Sunanda, W. D. (2020). Pengaruh kepemimpinan Islami dan religiusitas terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui kepuasan kerja karyawan sebagai variabel intervening (studi kasus pada waroeng spesial sambal). jurnal ilmu manajemen, 17(1), 20-36.

Van Scotter .(2000). Relationships of Task Performance and Contextual Performance with Turnover, Job Satisfaction, and Affective Commitment. Human Resource Management Review, vol.10, 1, 79-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(99)00040-6

Wong, P.T., & Page, D. (2003). Servant leadership: An opponent-process model and the revised servant leadership profile.

Zhang, W. J. (2016). Relationship between organizational culture identity and job performance of enterprise employees. DEStech Transactions on Social Science, Education and Human Science, (icaem)




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/jehcp.v11i2.22790

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL, HEALTH, COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY
Program Pascasarjana Magister Psikologi
Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta
Penerbit UAD Press

ISSN Printed 2088-3129 ISSN Online 2460 8467
EMAIL: jehcp@psy.uad.ac.id
 

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

View My Stats